I. Introduction
II. Mitigation and the state
a. Legislative shortcomings
b. Administrative law limitations
c. Difficulties in challenging emissions from Australian fossil fuels
d. Rights and duty-based litigation
III. Adaptation and subnational entities
a. Federal, state and local responsibilities
b. Future development and precaution
c. Public-private divide
IV. Accountability for risk management and risk disclosure
a. Duties of companies, directors, banks, and fund managers
b. Misleading and deceptive ‘greenwashing'
c. Duties of Australian public officials when issuing sovereign bonds
V. Conclusion.